Visitors to the Idaho News Network coverage area may notice a shift in the avian landscape this autumn, as hundreds of red-necked phalaropes have arrived at the Camas National Wildlife Refuge. According to reporting from eastidahonews.com, these small shorebirds are currently utilizing the refuge’s flooded wetlands to feed and rest during their fall migration.
The influx of birds has been particularly noticeable on Big Pond, where observers recorded hundreds of individuals. Smaller groups were also spotted at Toomey Pond and Redhead Pond. The presence of these birds coincides with seasonal flooding in the center of the refuge’s auto route, creating ideal habitat conditions for waterfowl and shorebirds alike.
A Unique Migration Pattern
Red-necked phalaropes are distinct among shorebirds because they undergo a molt during their fall migration. An observer visiting the refuge last Thursday morning noted approximately 50 of these birds feeding alongside a pair of mallard ducks. In their non-breeding plumage, the birds display black and white coloring, with white barring on their wings and back becoming visible when they take flight.
The feeding behavior of phalaropes is often described as unusual. Typically, these birds spin in circles on the water’s surface to create whirlpools that bring aquatic insects to the top. However, at Camas NWR, observers noted the birds were facing into the wind rather than spinning, likely adapting to local conditions.
During migration, phalaropes gorge themselves on insects until they are too heavy to fly. This stop-and-go pattern allows them to build up energy reserves for long-distance travel. The Great Salt Lake in Utah is another known location where these birds feed on abundant brine shrimp during their journey.
Reversed Gender Roles
Beyond their feeding habits, red-necked phalaropes are known for their unique mating system. Females are more colorful than males and initiate pairing. After laying four eggs—almost always exactly four—the female leaves the male to incubate the eggs and raise the chicks. This practice of polyandry, where females mate with multiple males during the nesting season, is rare in the bird world.
The observer had previously watched red-necked phalaropes during their breeding season at Market Lake Wildlife Management Area. The contrast between the vibrant breeding plumage and the subdued non-breeding colors highlights the dramatic changes these birds undergo throughout the year.
Other Wildlife Activity
The refuge is bustling with other wildlife as well. A bald eagle was observed flying over the flooded marshes, causing thousands of ducks and shorebirds, including white-faced ibis and greater yellowlegs, to flush in response. Sandhill cranes are also present, currently molting their brown summer feathers for gray winter coats.
Fall migration continues through October at Camas NWR. Visitors may have the opportunity to see snow geese, tundra swans, and Swainson’s hawks as they pass through or settle in the area. The refuge remains a critical stopover point for birds traveling between breeding grounds in the north and wintering areas in the south.
The 7,500 square miles of Eastern Idaho’s Yellowstone Teton Territory provide diverse habitats that support this rich biodiversity. As temperatures drop and daylight hours shorten, the Camas National Wildlife Refuge offers a window into the complex rhythms of nature that define the region’s ecological health.
For those interested in observing these birds, early morning visits are recommended when activity is highest. The refuge’s auto route provides accessible viewing opportunities without disturbing the wildlife. As always, visitors are encouraged to stay on designated paths and maintain a respectful distance from nesting or feeding animals.